Informative Speech On Terrorism Essays - Terrorism,

Informative Speech On Terrorism INTRO Imagine yourself flying in a plane to US for a summer job. You are travelling to experience new country, job, to meet new friends from all over the world. And you think that you are really happy to be in that position. Everything seems to be perfect in your life, except some insignificant details. But all of a sudden an armed psycho puts a gun barrel to your head and proclaims that he wants to change the plane course, and if this will not be done he will kill you. You never know how serious his intentions can be. You begin to fell panic realizing that you can die very soon. What will happen next? Will the pilot change the course? Will the mad guy kill you to show others that his intentions are serious and just grab a new victim? Or will he explode a bomb and everyone in the plane will die? You never know. Most of you probably have already understood that today I am going to talk to you about terrorists and their actions. I am doing a research paper for my written communications class and I have read much information about the issue. So, my speech will consist of three points. 1st I'll explain the definition of terrorism and some background of it. 2ndly I' talk about 4 major types of terrorists Finally We'll look at some actions that governments do to prevent terrorism. ---------------------------------------------------1------------------------------------------------------------- In every kind of society, in all periods of history, there are people who are not satisfied with the laws, rules, regulations, politics or social situation. Some of them cannot find legal ways to make themselves noticeable, or to change something. The legal ways like working, seeking a good career seem to them ineffective, or they simply do not have appropriate attitudes for them. Therefore, they choose the way of violence and arrogance directed against the peaceful people. The people, who practice violence against the others to make an influence on government in order to reach their financial or political goals, are called terrorists. Their actions are called terrorism. Nowadays, there are more and more peaceful people suffering because of the different forms of terrorism all over the world. Terrorism is a rather old phenomenon. Even in the first century AD, in Palestine, there was a sect of the Sicarians, which used to kill the Jews who had common deals with the Romans ( Boltunov). In the nineteenth century Philosophy of the bomb prevailed. This philosophy supported the principle by which small groups of people would be able to cause the very maximum of chaos (quot. Encyclopaedia Britannica p.232). -------------------------------------------------------2-------------------------------------------------------- First of all, there are terrorists who are fanatics. They act this way because of their strong believes about certain kinds of politics or religion. They are sure that their actions will bring a benefit to their country and will help to change the life people in a good way. They believe that they are fighting for right moral principles. There were some peaceful victims during the action. Usually, it is necessary to pay with blood for the better future (quot. Boltunov M. p.32). Second, very common type of the terrorists is sadists. The people who do not accept any rules and regulations at all. They hate to be controlled by somebody. They do not care about the people's lives. They need power, and they prefer to reach it by using violence. Usually such people prefer to take hostages. It is real pleasure for them to feel that they have a right to decide who will be killed, and who will stay alive. Third main group includes the people who have different kinds of mental problems. The menta l thinking of such people may also include the moral features of the terrorists from both of the previously mentioned types. They also seek power and act fanatically. Their logical conclusions are mostly unpredictable, therefore, it is quite difficult to fight with them. They are called maniacs. Beside these three main groups, there are also many single terrorists who act because of their personal motivations. It is impossible to describe all of them. They can vary from person to person.

INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY Essays

INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY Essays INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY Essay INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY Essay Essay Topic: Rene Descartes The term Philosophy signifies the adoration for knowledge. In a wide sense, philosophy is an action people attempt when they try to comprehend essential truths concerning their welfare and also the world and the link they have to the world and each other. As a scholastic control theory is much the same. The individuals who study philosophy are never-endingly occupied with asking, replying, and contending for their solutions forevers most fundamental inquiries. Methodology can be defined as an arrangement of expansive standards or principles from which particular strategies might be determined to translate or tackle distinctive issues inside the extent of a specific discipline. There are various ways in which Socrates demonstrates what it takes to be a philosopher. The first is through his ignorance as he had not recognized that he had wisdom in him. He gives an example of the craftsmen who possess the proper understanding of their craft but claim to know much than they know. This awareness of the absence of understanding is what is termed as Socratic ignorance. This made Socrates challenge many Athens concerning what they claimed to know and proved them otherwise. Secondly is the care about the soul where Socrates maintained that a person ought to prioritize his soul than anything else in the world (Ambury, 2013). Socrates believed that many people do value their wealth, bodies and reputation more than their souls. The mission that Socrates was sent to undertake of caring for the souls extended to the Athens. He argues that the City of Athens was a gift from God so as he can enhance the city. Without philosophical request, the popular government gets to be stagnant and careless, in threat of hurting itself as well as other people. The last thing that demonstrates that Socrates was a philosopher is through the concept of unexamined life. Socrates after he was convicted and a life sentence was applied to him, he tells the court that he will never maintain silence as unexamined life is not a good life for the human beings. Therefore, Socrates believed that we are supposed to defend our lives and maintain those views that dictate what a meaning life should be. The reason for the analyzed life is to reflect upon our ordinary inspirations and values and to in this way ask into what genuine worth, assuming any, they have. Plato calls it the imperceptible looks of things. It can be a figure. Plato trusts that there is somebody shape that all comparative activities show and which causes us to name them the same (Monaghan, 2010). According to Socrates, a form has to meet the following characteristics such as static, eternal, motionless, and in divisible. Euthyphro characterized pity as how to speak and do what is satisfying to the divine beings in supplication and penance. This was wrong as gods do not be deficient in anything. Therefore, there is no gain from anything they get from us. He also defined pious as what pleases the gods. Socrates viewed thing definition as wrong as what is believed to please the gods is not per se explained by this fact. This implies that one ought to separate the world into two things that they can control and those they cannot control. Therefore, knowing your limitations will help in living a happy life. An example of this is controlling your anger towards your brother as nature dictates brothers to live in harmony. Things like death are beyond our control and thus, we ought to know these limitations. Freedom is associated with this in that if we remain in line with what nature holds, our liberty will be uplifted as, for example, violation of the law can lead to imprisonment limiting ones freedom. Free dom entails the power that one has in acting, speaking or even thinking without any restriction. Epictetus was a slave and an educator whereby he later realized his freedom from slavery and taught in Greece and Rome. He argues that things that are in authority are free from control but those things not in power are prone to weakness and can be subjected to restraint (Mark, 2012). Epictetus talks of formal education in context as it shapes ones understanding and enables one to see things from another perspective that those who are not learned cannot see. He talks about the understanding of self to know our faults and refrain from blaming other people for our mistakes. This is because education enlightens one and equips him with the right knowledge about how to relate with people and accept their responsibility without questioning. He people who have got no education cannot comprehend their mistakes as the view their actions as right. The uneducated people are often ignorance and this is the reason they fail to acknowledge their mistakes. This is because they lack self-awareness that enable people recognize their faults and accept them as no one is perfect in this life. Descartes argues that people do not want to assume there is God who is the only source of our deception but instead believe there is a demon responsible for deceiving us. This adventure demonstrates how a normal illusion can fool people but can be distinguished from reality. It is because people are unable to differentiate between illusion and reality hence blaming the evil for their misfortunes. In this contention, Descartes construct his contentions in light of reality where he accepts there are groupings of conditions that are non-fundamental properties that rely on upon essential properties (substance). Notwithstanding, there exist other groupings of made substances that rely on upon boundless substance and free substance that is a god (Kenny, 1997). Along these lines, Descartes contends that god has abnormal state of reality than some other substance and in this manner god is interminable and free, uncreated while different substances are limited, subordinate and made. He depicts the distinction between objective and formal reality. He views forma reality is the sort of reality something has by ideals of the sort of thing it is. Modes, limited substances, and unbounded substance(s) all have formal reality, however not to the same degree. He also described objective reality as just by representations, that is, by things that remains for different things. Presently the rep resentations Descartes is fundamentally intrigued by are thoughts. ;Reference Ambury, J. (2013).;Socrates;(469399 B.C.E.). Retrieved from iep.utm.edu/socrates/ Kenny, Anthony, (1997). Descartes Ontological Argument, in Descartes Meditations: Critical Essays, Vere Chappell (ed.), New York: Rowman ; Littlefield Publishers, Inc, 177194. Mark, J. (2012). From Slavery To Freedom: Epictetus Path. Retrieved from ancient.eu/article/173/ Monaghan, P. X. (May 01, 2010). A Novel Interpretation of Platos Theory of Forms. Metaphysica : International Journal for Ontology and Metaphysics, 11, 1, 63-78.

Molecular Biology Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Molecular Biology - Lab Report Example Dpn I and Fse I together: fragments of 0.5 kb, 1.1 kb, 1.6 kb and 2.3 kb Dpn I, Eag I and Fse I together: fragments of 0.3 kb, 0.5 kb, 0.6 kb, 1.0 kb, 1.1 kb and 2.0 kb a) How many restriction sites are there for each enzyme What, if any, are the unique restriction sites on this plasmid Ans. Dpn I = 3, Eag I = 2, Fse I = No RS. There are unique restriction sites for Fse I, this restriction enzyme works in conjunction with the Dpn I and Eag I. b) Construct a restriction map of the plasmid and draw it below. Cloning Strategies Question 4 (28%) Describe outline cloning strategies, including vector types (individual vectors need not be specified) and methods used at each stage, for the following scenarios: Worked example You wish to isolate the coding sequence of a human liver enzyme. You have purified the corresponding bovine enzyme and have raised a polyclonal antibody against it. - Make a cDNA library from human liver tissue - this will be enriched for the genes for liver enzymes. - Create the library in an expression vector with a strong promoter so the genes are expressed in the host. - Screen the induced expression library for the presence of the desired liver enzyme using the bovine polyclonal antibody. The antibody will bind to the colonies which produce the protein they recognise. Although the match may not be exact there should be enough conserved homology to ensure recognition. - Positive colonies will be identified by visualising the label on the bound antibody/secondary antibody in the colony hybridisation. a) You have a cDNA clone containing the 900 bp coding sequence of a cell surface protein from pygmy goat monocytes. How can you use this to find the homologous cDNA from the merino sheep b) Having...The results are as follows: step. f1 IG SEQUENCE: to make single stranded DNA for sequencing UNIVERSAL PRIMER SEQUENCE: for primer to anneal to, to initiate sequencing SELECTABLE MARKER (eg lacZ'): to allow selection of clones containing the insert MCS POLYLINKER: insert fragment of DNA here 3.0 kb You must describe the function of the essential features of each plasmid and give some indication of the plasmid size. For expression vectors you must bear in mind the host cells in which the coding sequence will be expressed. a) Nonsense: The nonsense-mediated mRNA decay pathway degrades mRNAs transcribed from genes in which an amino-acid codon has changed to a nonsense codon; this prevents the translation of such mRNAs into truncated, and potentially harmful, proteins. c) Splicing: A stage in the processing of mRNA, occurring only in eukaryotic cells, in which intervening sequences (introns) are removed from the primary RNA transcript (hnRNA) and the codig exons are joined together to form the mature mRNA molecule. url:www.geneontology.org . d) Promoter: A nucleotide sequence of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds and initiates transcription. It usually lies upstream of (5' to) a coding sequence. A promoter sequence aligns the RNA polymerase so that transcription will initiate at a specific site. e) Reading Frame: A series of triple

Credit Crunch Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Credit Crunch - Essay Example This paper briefly analyses the major reasons for the credit crunch started in the last year. The major reason for the current financial crisis is the unwise lending habits of the financial institutions like banks. â€Å"Banks found ways to increase the number of mortgage loans through strategies such as interest only mortgages, 100% mortgages and lending to people with poor credit histories† (Who is to Blame for Credit Crunch?). American public have the habit of spending all the money they earned without saving anything for the future. When they are need of money they approached the banks and the banks were ready to give them loans as much as they required, without assessing their financial capabilities. Banks never calculated that an economic crisis like the current one may happen in near future. The banks thought that the global economy is a renewable source. They consider it as an ocean of wealth which will never be exhausted. The allocation of resources in the case of a bank is mainly the loans of different forms to the customers. This allocation has not been don e properly by the banks. They have allotted loans to all the people irrespective of the financial strengths of the customers. They have not conducted any reviews to assess the financial setups of the customer at present and also they failed to forecast the future. On the other hand, the greedy customers accepted all the offers from the banks with both hands. They have approached the banks for everything and the banks were ready to fulfill their dreams. The banks were too focused on selling their goods or services rather than buying the goods or services. They thought the success of banking business rest on selling rather than purchasing. They never bothered too much about the returns against the services they provided. In their opinion, American economy was capable of facing any challenges or threats from the

BIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY OF 3 INDEPENDENT FILM PRODUCERS

BIOGRAPHICAL OF 3 INDEPENDENT FILM PRODUCERS - Essay Example He was one of those famous personalities who dropped out the university due to poor grades! This could be well judged by his saying, Mentoring relationship is considered as a main entity for famous personalities who make them get a competitive edge. Same with case of film industry, every producer, director etc. needs a mentor. Allen’s mentor is Ingmar Bergman who is always there to offer him support, guidance and inspiration. Woody Allen was personally inspired by famous characters such as Charlie Chaplin, Fellini and Bergman. His most of the movies were the result of his motivation gained through New York City and European cinema. His earlier profession started when he began writing scripts for â€Å"the Ed Sullivan show, the tonight show and Caesar’s Hour†. His career as a â€Å"stand-up comedian† started in 1960. Through his unique style of writing and acting he soon gain fame as a popular comedian on screen and stage both (Woody Allen). His debut film as director released in 1966 What’s Up Tiger Lily? After that various movies directed by him include Take the money and run, followed by his hit movies Annie Hall, the purple rose of Cairo, Match Point and Hannah and her sisters. These romantic-comedies won academy awards. Later on, 1970s was the era of his personal movies which got extended to dark comedic suspense movies in 1990s. He managed secured funding through various financial support offered through BBC, his filming locations such as New York, United Kingdom and by casting famous rich personalities in his movies like France’s first lady Carla Bruni. Allen’s artistic philosophies had many roots. He always thought about how far we people know, understand what we knew, sure enough of what we know and consider them knowing worthwhile! He always highlighted the facts that people are afraid to share or expose to others. He also focused on the dark secrets of nature

Market Analysis Of The Cleaning Sector Management Essay

Market Analysis Of The Cleaning Sector Management Essay The Cleaning Industry National Training Organisation (CINTO) has suggested that the UK cleaning industry is valued in the region of  £12bn, 2.7 million households in the UK spend as much as  £11 billion annually on domestic help, the rise in two-salary household and more disposable income but limited time for domestic chores necessitates this, the cleaning industry presently employs about 820,000 people. The industry is mainly dominated by small organisations and has 72% of all UK cleaning staff employed in firms with less than ten employees. A third of these firms are operated by sole proprietors. CINTO is of the opinion that the cleaning industry is resistant to economic recession as a result of the huge demand and inevitability of service. Competition is stiffer however in commercial cleaning sector than domestic. This can therefore affect profit margin. Regardless of the intense competition, the cleaning industry is a booming industry with an impressive growth in the contract cleaning market from  £4 billion in 1996 to  £6 billion in 2004. Below is a tabulated STEP analysis of the cleaning sector. Social Population and market consist of 61 million people with 67% in the working class, 16.2% aged and 16.4% under aged. Labour is predominantly made up of migrant workers. Industrial servicing. Subject to environmental protection agency laws Economic The sector is slightly affected by the economic downturn but not significantly as it is a service sector and inevitable to all households in the UK. Demand cuts through all class and age structure in the UKespecially the working class which accounts for 67% of the UK population. This sector is a sub sector of the service sector that accounts for a large portion of the UK GDP. Theres been a shift in demand preference to price from quality and innovation because of the economic downturn. Increased competitiveness. Technological General services of cleaning, trash pickup, floor polishing, and the specialty services of cleaning carpet and ducts and washing windows. Staff cleaning buildings and houses by hand or with the help of basic equipment like floor polishers. Operations is labour-intensive Sector is labour intensive Simple machines and technology needed. POLITICAL Government legislation and regulation with respect to waste disposal. Organised and influential association body with intense pressure on government. Low government aid policies. According to MBD (Market and Business Development) report on the sector, Contract cleaning in the UK has grown by over 12 per cent in the past five years and is expected to increase by a further 13 per cent between now and 2011. The UK Cleaning Market 2004-2012:- There were over 4,300 individual contract cleaning firms active in the UK in 2008, though the industry remains particularly consolidated in value terms, with the firms in this study contributing more than 80% of the total market revenue. It has been suggested that 30% of contract cleaning firms are considered at risk in 2009 with the growing problem of customer retention. Customer loyalty is considered less prevalent, and customers of contract cleaners are continually searching for more competitive prices. This competitive trend in the market is pushing price competition in an environment where demand is reducing as smaller firms are internalising certain cleaning duties instead of outsourcing. The downturn in capital expenditure of contract cleaning firms will undoubtedly affect cleaning equipment manufacturers and suppliers in the short term, with a reduction in demand also aggravated by increasing pricing pressure as Contract Cleaning firms attempt to achieve greater cost reduction measures. The impact for tool and equipment manufacturers are less positive with regards to supplying to this sector in the short term, the need for effective marketing strategies therefore arises to target those companies who are performing well in the market. The cleaning sector provides employment for over 450,000 people in nearly 32,000 firms. Table 2: Workplaces and Employees within the Cleaning Sector in Great Britain. Source: Annual Business Inquiry, ONS, 2005 2006 85% of all cleaning companies have 10 or less employees. 1% of companies has over 200 staff and provides jobs for approximately half of all the cleaning employees. The current uncertain world economy makes analysis of current and future economic performance very difficult. Staffing and retention remains key themes for the sector as it struggles to maintain a stable workforce. This has been made worse by the pressure on sales and the stiff competition within the environment. The effect of the global economic downturn on the sector has been viewed as been less subjective as with other sectors since cleaning is an inevitable service. As expected however, employee training suffers a decline as profit margin reduces. Profit margins remains reduced in the sector, at about 5% in 2006, having been squeezed by 28% between 2002 and 2006. Labour costs consist of about 73% of all costs, this having been increased by 13.2% over the period 2002-2006. Gross Value Added (GVA) per worker (measured as the average financial contribution to turnover each employee within a sector generates) was  £9,600 in 2006 compared to a whole economy average of  £33,300. In 2006, seven companies had 25% of the market share (as a percentage of total value), as seen below. Table 1: Market share, (as a percentage of total value) in 2006 Source: Marketing Research for Industry, Feb 2000 A major challenge of this sector is the credit crunch and the effect it has on the sectors quality service delivery given the budget. Recruitment and retention are also key issues, issues regarding labour force attraction and motivation to family friendly labour policies. Future issues to be considered include the need to improve marketing to attract new clients, management of skills gap and planning is vital. The take-up of qualifications within the industry has been low and almost half of employers dont have a Level 2 or equivalent qualification. 16% of the sector is not aware of Vocational Qualifications, though their appropriateness is called into question. A third of all firms believe they take too long in delivering and five in ten believe they are too complicated. The BICSc (British Institute of Cleaning Science) is the most common qualification held. Cleaning firms suffer from increased rate of staff turnover which has been known to be closed to 75% in some cases, with most cleaning staff staying in employment for up to 12 weeks cleaners. 6% of cleaning firms advertised skills vacancies in 2007 -according to the National Employer Skills Survey 2007, this was primarily in elementary occupations and machine operatives. 80% of elementary occupations were categorised as difficult to fill positions. Almost 800 companies advertised these positions and were located within the West Midlands, South West and South East. Reasons for these difficult to fill vacancies are: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Inadequate personnel interested in engaging in this type of job (28%). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Inadequate number of applicants generally (16%). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Low number of applicants with the required attitude and motivation (13%). The implication of these vacancies is the increased workload of other staff. Cleaning firms have alleged that they have: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ increasing cost of operation; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Difficulty in matching quality standards requirements à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Delay in developing new products. As a result of the above issues, 50% of firms have increased their advertising and recruitment campaign and most of the firms are increasingly trying new ways of recruitment. Reductions in some skills area have been identified in the Cleaning Industry, these include: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Management and leadership; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Technical skills; and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Literacy, numeracy and ESOL A key driver in the sector is the changing form of procurement. The process of procurement has become increasingly formalised and has most part been subject to European Union Commission guidelines, more challenges are therefore placed on cleaning firms in this sector. A recent report implied the importance of migrant workers within the industry. Firms in the cleaning sector are faced with an ageing workforce and recruitment issues, these firms have therefore been able to tap into the large resource of migrant workers, this has culminated in 37% of Englands cleaning labour being classified as migrant labour. Firms have been able to recruit more efficiently and cost effectively as well, however the only hinderance to this is the issue of language which is being subdued by coping the strategies from employer. Regional Distribution of cleaning companies within England, 2006 There are increasing demands being placed on the industry due to increased regulation and Visibility which, in time, it is anticipated will reveal greater skill needs. There are a couple of key issues as regards the cleaning sector, they include,  · Recruitment difficulties for domestic cleaning jobs because of competition from other sectors.  · Increased day-time cleaning and expanding skill mix needed  · Employment of migrant workers without language barrier.  · Employing expertise cleaning operatives into supervisory and managerial positions with inadequate training.  · Forecasted job losses of over 90,000 between 2004 and 2014 but concerns of replacement demand still workable.  · Pressure from customers for more work per capita in order to deliver contracts with less people  · Low rate of retention.  · Lack of long term investment in staff  · Difficulties in recruiting new employees into the workforce  · Misconstrued negative image for the sector discourages prospective minds to commit to a career in the industry.  · Skills gaps in managing teams, project management, problem solving and resource allocation, customer care, and managing change for supervisors and managers  · Mixed quality of training provision with low retention rates and qualification  · Inadequate filling of management training slots in the industry  · A small size of employers in the industry had a budget for training of employees.  · Unaccredited training for staffs.  · Employers want tailor fit training that meets their immediate needs and well as their budget.  · The key issues to training to training include the margins on contracts where training is perceived as a cost, career progression is seen as a mirage, shift work and problems of release, and inflexible modes of delivery. The cleaning sector is a low tech business characterized by ease of entry and entry. Highly competitive, reduces pricing and subsequently profits. Convenience is key in the cleaning sector, location to the market and fast turnaround on clothes so also cleanliness of the item are important. Consumer care little about what euipments or technology dat has being used as long as the the cleaning service is fast, convenient and effective. A model has been designed to address a couple of the sectors issues and it is outlined

HIV in Singapore

To extend the impact of our effort to curb the spread of HIV, we propose to continue and improve on our outreach effort targeted at the Chinese speaking Geylang crowd, and to initiate a campaign targeted at youths. The main objective of both efforts would be to encourage condom use and promote HIV testing as means to prevent the spread of HIV. On top of having both campaigns, we would like to propose making HIV testing more convenient by assisting with the implementation of a Mobile HIV Testing Van (MTV) service. Continuing and Improving Current Efforts to Reach Out to the Chinese Speaking Geylang Crowd 1. Printing more Pamphlets Having conducted an outreach event at Geylang, we found that the majority of our target audience read the educational pamphlet, and did so with a certain measure of contemplation – an indication of their rational riders being influenced by facts such as the ability to prolong one’s life if early treatment for HIV is sought, the benefits of condom usage and where the HIV test can be taken. Due to the limited number of pamphlets printed thus far, we foresee that more will be needed for future outreach events. Thus, we propose to have part of the budget allocated for this purpose. 2. Printing of Taglines Encouraging Condom Usage on Condom Covers. Redesigning the box used to contain condoms for distribution. Our group conceived a series of short, catchy taglines to encourage condom use. Condom covers with these taglines could be produced and distributed during outreach events. The taglines conceived were meant to direct our audience’s emotional elephants by evoking positive feelings about condom use – by asserting that love making can be equally pleasurable even when condoms are worn. To further engage our audience’s emotional elephants, we propose that an effort be made to conceive suitably ‘hard’ messages evoking anxiety and fear by highlighting the risks of doing away with condoms. Some of these ‘hard’ taglines could put across the message an underestimation of the one’s chances of contracting HIV is a contributing factor leading to HIV infection. By focusing attention on this ‘black swan’ in HIV being closer to home than it is often thought to be, our target audience may be encouraged to use condoms. These ‘hard’ messages could then be similarly printed on condom covers and distributed during outreach events together with those having ‘soft’ taglines, thus producing a carrot and stick effect that could further improve our effort to encourage condom usage. Also, the boxes used to store condoms could be changed to make it less obvious that it contains condoms, as it currently is. The purpose of doing so would be to encourage the taking up of these condoms, as regardless of whether those approached are seeking paid sex or not, they may nonetheless avoid accepting the condoms altogether because they do not wish to be seen in public as having done so, as evidenced when approaching some members of the public. To overcome such reluctance, the condoms (with the taglines printed on their covers) could be packed into larger rectangular top opening boxes such as those containing sweets (like how the sweet Ricola is packaged), with plain messages such ‘specially for you’ as that would serve to mask the true contents of the package. 3. Associating Condom Use and Regular HIV Testing with Responsible Behaviour In addition to distributing condoms and educational pamphlets, we propose to utilise the behaviour changing effects of social identity promotion to encourage condom usage and regular HIV testing. Posters juxtaposing images of Chinese males, representing all adult age groups, with condom use messages and them going for regular HIV testing could be printed and put up at places where our target audience often congregate – lanes leading to coffee shops and eateries along Geylang. These posters would portray these males as being socially responsible. As most would not wish to be labelled as irresponsible, the effects of projecting such an image could serve to encourage condom use and regular HIV testing. This effort to create such a social identity could be made more effective if a greater number of older volunteers (over 40s) are involved in such outreach events. These older volunteers could serve as leading lights of their age group and potentially relate better with our target audience, since both could see each other as peers. As there is a lack of volunteers belonging to this age group, we propose that an effort be made to seek such volunteers. One way we could do so would be to seek volunteers from grassroots organisations such as community clubs and public housing residents committees (RCs), since these bodies consist of people with an existing spirit of volunteerism and mainly belong to this age group. Extending our Impact to another Target Group – Youths/Young Adults Why Youths/Young Adults? It can be reasonably inferred from statistical data that youths (below 20) and young adults (20-30) are either becoming more sexually active or engaging in riskier sexual behaviour. The number of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) amongst youths rocketed by 118% between 2000 and 2008, while that of young adults increased by 67% during the same period1. Given these societal trends, this group seems increasing vulnerable to contracting HIV. Thus, we propose to mount a HIV prevention effort targeted at this group through similar means such as the promotion of condom use, regular HIV testing and creating a social identity to promote responsible sexual behaviour. 1. Going to Where Youths/Young Adults Are Instead of focusing on the Geylang red-light district, we propose establishing a presence at places where there’s a higher concentration of youths/young adults who are more likely to be sexually active and or engage in regrettable sexual behaviour. Some of these places would include entertainment nightspots such as clubs and pubs where the flow of alcohol and its adverse intoxicating effects are more keenly felt. 2. Distributing Educational Pamphlets and Condoms The content of the educational pamphlets targeted at the Chinese speaking Geylang crowd could be translated into English to cater to the younger set. The pamphlets could also include information, that would otherwise be absent in the Chinese-language version targeting the older crowd, directing our audience to social media sites (such as Facebook) where Action for Aids has a presence. We also propose modifying the taglines to be printed on condom covers, to appeal to the younger crowd. These taglines could include cheeky English language ones that the young can relate to. As with the Chinese speaking Geylang crowd, we propose to craft a social identity for the young who are sexually active, that would positively associate them with condom use and having regular HIV tests, by promoting their ‘clear’ HIV status as an asset. Assisting Action for Aids with the Implementation of a Mobile HIV Testing Van (MTV) Service Action for Aids (AFA) has plans to introduce a MTV service, to make HIV testing more convenient. Otherwise, AFA only has one test site at Kelantan Lane that may be out of the way. As the operational costs of such a van are high, and that the service will have to be chargeable, we propose committing part of our $1000 budget to subsidising these tests (the ones at AFA’s Anonymous Test Site cost $30) during the initial phase of the van’s operation, so as to allow the public to first acquaint themselves with the quality and safety of the service provided.

Free Essays on Human Needs

What makes a life a truly human one? Is it possible to make a sort of identification when a â€Å"life has been so impoverished that it is not worthy of the dignity of the human being?† (Women, Culture and Development, p.74). This is the very question Martha Nussbaum, leading female Aristotelian philosopher, addresses throughout various pieces of her work. What she has tried to do is establish a list of central capabilities â€Å"that can be convincingly argued to be of central importance in any human life; whatever else the person pursues or chooses† (Women, Culture and Development, p.74). Nussbaum’s goal is to clarify and develop the so-called â€Å"capabilities approach†, an approach to the recognition of the quality of life originally presented by the Nobel Prize winner Amartya Sen. I intend to evaluate and analyze Nussbaum’s work on the subject from the perspective of Cicero and the Stoics and that of non-Western thinkers. What's more, I hope to set in motion a new conceptualization concerning the assessment and attainment of the good life. In view of the list of capabilities, Nussbaum supposes that if a life lacks any of these said capabilities, no matter what else it includes, the life being examined will not be deemed as a good human life. Upon reading, the list she has created is most obviously quite extensive and by all means can be seen as generally obtainable, but the question at hand is whether or not it is universal? Cicero and the Stoics will agree that such a list can be in fact objectively determined but would assess that Nussbaum’s revision of Amartya Sen’s original compilation is much too long. On the other hand, such scholars like Frederique Apffel Marglin would completely disagree with Nussbaum’s efforts, saying that her account of what constitutes a good life is culturally biased, imposing Western thought upon a non-Western way of life. Specific human relationships within Nussbaum’s system are ... Free Essays on Human Needs Free Essays on Human Needs What makes a life a truly human one? Is it possible to make a sort of identification when a â€Å"life has been so impoverished that it is not worthy of the dignity of the human being?† (Women, Culture and Development, p.74). This is the very question Martha Nussbaum, leading female Aristotelian philosopher, addresses throughout various pieces of her work. What she has tried to do is establish a list of central capabilities â€Å"that can be convincingly argued to be of central importance in any human life; whatever else the person pursues or chooses† (Women, Culture and Development, p.74). Nussbaum’s goal is to clarify and develop the so-called â€Å"capabilities approach†, an approach to the recognition of the quality of life originally presented by the Nobel Prize winner Amartya Sen. I intend to evaluate and analyze Nussbaum’s work on the subject from the perspective of Cicero and the Stoics and that of non-Western thinkers. What's more, I hope to set in motion a new conceptualization concerning the assessment and attainment of the good life. In view of the list of capabilities, Nussbaum supposes that if a life lacks any of these said capabilities, no matter what else it includes, the life being examined will not be deemed as a good human life. Upon reading, the list she has created is most obviously quite extensive and by all means can be seen as generally obtainable, but the question at hand is whether or not it is universal? Cicero and the Stoics will agree that such a list can be in fact objectively determined but would assess that Nussbaum’s revision of Amartya Sen’s original compilation is much too long. On the other hand, such scholars like Frederique Apffel Marglin would completely disagree with Nussbaum’s efforts, saying that her account of what constitutes a good life is culturally biased, imposing Western thought upon a non-Western way of life. Specific human relationships within Nussbaum’s system are ...

Tourism and Sustainability Whale

Tourism and Sustainability Whale Characteristics for Development of Whale-Watching Industries On the social front, it is evident that although the community in the Vava’u area comprises of only 16,000 people, it has been on the forefront in whale conservation efforts and demonstrates a friendly nature to tourists. Additionally, the community has been effective in using promotional material involving the humpback whales to put Tonga on the world map.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Tourism and Sustainability: Whale-Watching Industries specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the economic front, it is clear that tourism is the economic mainstay of the Vava’u area due to the fragile nature of other economic activities particularly in the manufacturing, agricultural, forestry and service sectors, hence making the area a fertile breeding ground for the development of modern whale-watching industries. Concerning the natural environment, the Vava’u Island group in the Kingdom of Tonga is not only located in a tropical climate with warm, sheltered waters, but also prides itself for hosting one of the whale species most popular for tourism. The high quality marine environments in the area ensure the availability of humpback whales, which often visit the area for mating, birthing, and raising young calves. Non-Economic Impacts of Whales and Whale-Watching As demonstrated by the author of the article, tourism activities occasion both economic and non-economic impacts in the destination area or country. In the context of the Island of Tonga, whales and whale-watching activities are likely to occasion difficulties in hosting large numbers of tourists, environmental pollution and degradation, conflict between operators, resentment in the local community fuelled by increasingly large numbers of tourists, and internalization of vices such as prostitution and gambling among the local people. Other non-economic impacts of w hales and whale-watching activities likely to affect the Island of Tonga include inflationary pressure in the local economy, loss of local control on how local resources are managed and distributed, as well as environmental degradation due to the establishment of numerous whale-watching businesses in the area. However, a positive non-economic impact for the Island concerns the change of attitudes and value systems among the local community, especially in terms of valuing and conserving the humpback whales as a critical resource for social and economic development of the Kingdom. Factors influencing Potential Future Growth of Whale Watching Some of the factors that will guarantee the future growth of whale-watching industry in Vava’u Island group, as demonstrated by the author, include (1) developing adequate transportation, accommodation, and other elements of the tourism infrastructure, (2) attaining long-term political stability not only in the Island of Tonga but also in S outh Pacific region, (3) establishing convenient and reliable airline connections to boost tourists’ arrivals, (4) dealing with unsustainable whale hunting practices, (4) establishing proper management practices for whale-watching activities, (5) dealing with negative social, economic and environmental impacts associated with tourism, (6) maintaining a stringent code of practice for whale-watching operators to minimise negative impacts associated with competition, and (7) establishing adequate conservation initiatives for the humpback whales to maintain their health and value.Advertising Looking for assessment on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is important to note that several factors discussed in the article, including degradation of the natural environment, non-involvement of the local community and proliferation of unsustainable hunting practices may actually hamper the growth of the whale-watching industry in the future if immediate corrective measures are not taken. Overall, it can be suggested that the sustainability efforts undertaken to guarantee the expansion of the whale-watching industry in the Island of Tonga are bearing fruits.

The Role of Women in African Society Term Paper

The Role of Women in African Society - Term Paper Example According to various kinds of literature published on development issues by The International Monitory Fund and the World Bank, the conditions of African women living in Sub-Saharan Africa is probably the bleakest on earth (Blackden 34) One cannot but recoil in shock and revulsion at the way women have been facing the twin trauma of being denied their basic human rights that every nation is supposed to guarantee to their citizens and the misfortune of being subjugated with callous disregard and disrespect in their own families. For many African women, daily life is a nightmarish reality and sheer horror, with diseased and impoverished children and community living in appalling conditions. To add insult to injury, African women customarily face the demeaning prospect of being abandoned by their husbands whose behavior could even unreservedly turn violent. Recent observations in Africa reveal that it is not uncommon for a woman to be banished from their homes and even community, resulting in untold pain, suffering, and humiliation to the woman. (Blackden 34). Nevertheless, the story does not always end in despair and tragedy. The story revolves around Ramatoulaye, a prototype of the writer herself, and the enigma and frustration she goes through as a result of abandonment by her husband for a younger girl who happens to be his daughter's friend. The consequent events in the story poignantly weaves the destiny of a woman who prefers to stay back by her errant husband's side enduring the trauma and finds solace in her religion which she faithfully follows in spite of the ordeal she is made to undergo in a society claiming to follow the very religion she also adheres to. While the author portrays Ramatoulaye's stoic handling of her unfortunate situation, she also goes a step further and provides a dash of rebellion by the character of Aissatou, Ramatoulaye's friend, who divorces her husband and migrates to the United States to pursue a more cheerful and rational environment.  

Expansion On Authur Millers Death Of A salesman Essay

Expansion On Authur Millers Death Of A salesman - Essay Example man, such as an ancient version of Willy Loman from Arthur Miller’s play â€Å"Death of a Salesman,† would be no more shocking or dramatic than fish going bad. However, a modern audience has a much more difficult time relating to the sanctity of the mighty. It is much easier for them to expect downfalls of their leaders and more shocking to them when they see someone more like them, a common man, fail due to his own mistaken beliefs. Thus, in modern times, Miller’s ‘low man’ Willy is the quintessential classic tragic hero of the modern age. Although the tragic hero was a character in ancient Greek plays long before Aristotle codified the term, they all shared these same characteristics that Aristotle identified. As has been mentioned, in ancient times, these ideas were reserved for men who had the potential to reach greatness of some kind – usually men with a claim to nobility. Despite their greatness, they become destined to fail because of some tragic flaw in their character. This tragic flaw is typically, but not always, the flaw of excessive pride in one’s own abilities. No matter what the flaw is, it is always tied strongly to the reasons for their success and is therefore something the individual is justifiably proud to exercise (Aristotle, 1998). According to Zarro (2001), â€Å"the tragic effect will be stronger if the hero is ‘better than we are’, in that he is of higher than ordinary moral worth. Such a man is shown as suffering a change in fortune from happiness to misery because of a mistaken act, to which he is led by his hamartia (his ‘effort of judgment’) or, as it is often literally translated, his tragic flaw.† Society has shifted since then in such a way that today, we consider the common man as having a greater chance of higher than ordinary moral worth in his dedication to making an honest living for modest goals. Today’s tragic hero cycle focuses more on the three events than the noble status. The social